Research, reports and guidance on education outside the classroom and outdoor education, with a plain-English summary of each and a link to the original. New items are added every week.
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership14 July 2020International
Teachers saw modest gains in students' social and emotional learning during a three-year adventure-based programme, but a few students' behaviour could affect the whole class.
Wellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Youth Development16 December 2019
In a New Zealand positive youth development outdoor programme run in schools, all 5 Cs and a sixth C, contribution, were seen. Young people and adults valued different outcomes.
Wellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Experiential Education27 June 2019International
A week-long trip built a sense of community for most participants, but one participant experienced it very differently. Leaders need to respect individual needs within group-focused goals.
School camps and tripsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updatePLOS ONE31 May 2019International
In three Welsh primary schools, regular curriculum-based outdoor learning was seen to improve pupils' engagement, concentration, behaviour and wellbeing. Curriculum and testing pressures held it back.
Curriculum and assessmentWellbeing and mental healthLearning and achievement outcomes
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Outdoor and Environmental Education26 October 2018International
This conceptual article uses self-determination theory to link Forest School practices to children's needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, and suggests need-supportive teaching approaches.
Teaching and facilitation outdoorsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateAustralian Journal of Environmental Education18 October 2018International
A trip to a Great Barrier Reef island led to a grounded theory of five dimensions of giving (to self, others, communities, environment and the whole), offered as a beginning framework for teaching with meaning and social concern.
Wellbeing and mental healthSchool camps and tripsTeaching and facilitation outdoors
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools10 July 2018International
Drawing on anxiety, school refusal and homesickness research, this article sets out a case-based approach for supporting Australian students who are reluctant to attend school camp or refuse to go.
School camps and tripsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updatePacific Early Childhood Education Research Association31 May 2018
A close look at one bush walk shows how an early childhood teacher and four-year-olds worked together on outdoor features in ways that encouraged risk-taking and resilience.
Early childhood and nature playRisk and safetyWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Experiential Education13 March 2018International
Results suggest two adventure-based PE programmes both benefited middle school students' self-conceptions over seven months, with each working best for different aspects of self-concept.
Wellbeing and mental healthCurriculum and assessment
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateEarly Child Development and Care9 March 2018International
Weekly Forest School and outdoor sessions over three years were linked to better attendance and academic attainment for disadvantaged young children. The authors also link emotional learning and wellbeing developed outdoors with academic development.
Learning and achievement outcomesWellbeing and mental healthInclusion and equity
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership2018International
School camps in Victoria, Australia were linked to gains in some areas of adolescent wellbeing and connectedness, with no change in others.
Wellbeing and mental healthSchool camps and trips
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Experiential Education21 September 2016International
Students in one-semester outdoor education programmes showed gains in self-authorship, which they linked to their instructor and to the outdoor experiences.
Learning and achievement outcomesWellbeing and mental health