Research

Research

Research, reports and guidance on education outside the classroom and outdoor education, with a plain-English summary of each and a link to the original. New items are added every week.

The library began with Education Outside the Classroom: Applied Research Readings 2010–2017(McNatty & Boyes, University of Otago, 2017). Later items were found, summarised and checked with AI assistance using the same method: every reference is checked against the publisher's record, every summary against the published abstract, and only items rated high confidence by two independent relevance checks are published. Summaries are a guide: read the original before citing it.

Research library

36 items

Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

Contested Perspectives on the Social Impacts of a Residential Field Trip

Journal of Experiential Education27 June 2019International

A week-long trip built a sense of community for most participants, but one participant experienced it very differently. Leaders need to respect individual needs within group-focused goals.

School camps and tripsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

Flourishing in the forest: looking at Forest School through a self-determination theory lens

Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education26 October 2018International

This conceptual article uses self-determination theory to link Forest School practices to children's needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, and suggests need-supportive teaching approaches.

Teaching and facilitation outdoorsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

Connecting Social and Natural Ecologies Through a Curriculum of Giving for Student Wellbeing and Engagement

Australian Journal of Environmental Education18 October 2018International

A trip to a Great Barrier Reef island led to a grounded theory of five dimensions of giving (to self, others, communities, environment and the whole), offered as a beginning framework for teaching with meaning and social concern.

Wellbeing and mental healthSchool camps and tripsTeaching and facilitation outdoors
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

School Camp Refusal and Reluctance: The Role of the School Psychologist

Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools10 July 2018International

Drawing on anxiety, school refusal and homesickness research, this article sets out a case-based approach for supporting Australian students who are reluctant to attend school camp or refuse to go.

School camps and tripsWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

Risk-Taking in the New Zealand Bush: Issues of Resilience and Wellbeing

Pacific Early Childhood Education Research Association31 May 2018

A close look at one bush walk shows how an early childhood teacher and four-year-olds worked together on outdoor features in ways that encouraged risk-taking and resilience.

Early childhood and nature playRisk and safetyWellbeing and mental health
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 update

The Hare and the Tortoise go to Forest School: taking the scenic route to academic attainment via emotional wellbeing outdoors

Early Child Development and Care9 March 2018International

Weekly Forest School and outdoor sessions over three years were linked to better attendance and academic attainment for disadvantaged young children. The authors also link emotional learning and wellbeing developed outdoors with academic development.

Learning and achievement outcomesWellbeing and mental healthInclusion and equity