Research, reports and guidance on education outside the classroom and outdoor education, with a plain-English summary of each and a link to the original. New items are added every week.
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning3 July 2026International
Norwegian teachers made outdoor aquatic education meaningful by focusing on pupils' experiences, adapting activities and putting safety first, but large groups and limited time got in the way.
Water and aquatic educationTeaching and facilitation outdoorsRisk and safety
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateCanadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education12 May 2026International
Beaches and coastal 'blue spaces', such as those used in Australian beach kinder, offer rich contexts for young children to develop mathematical habits of mind.
Early childhood and nature playWater and aquatic educationCurriculum and assessment
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateChildren's Geographies27 April 2026
Children in Aotearoa, Norway and Tanzania explored and expressed meanings of local water, and the study reveals tensions in how early childhood curricula address water.
Early childhood and nature playWater and aquatic educationInternational and cultural perspectives
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateAustralian Journal of Environmental Education10 December 2025International
Portuguese primary teachers who applied an ocean citizenship model using citizen science and coastal monitoring reported gains in their practice and in student engagement, but transport and resources were barriers.
Sustainability and environmental educationWater and aquatic education
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning9 July 2024International
Norwegian primary teachers used outdoor swimming and water safety lessons at a local beach to build learners' resilience and teach about sustainable living.
Water and aquatic educationWellbeing and mental healthSustainability and environmental education
Book2017–2026 updateRoutledge2024
Edited by AUT's Mike Brown, this book explores the educational side of people's engagement with the ocean and 'blue spaces'. It includes a chapter on surfing and wellbeing in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Water and aquatic educationWellbeing and mental healthPlace-based learning and te taiao
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateThe Journal of Environmental Education2 January 2023
A study of a bring-your-own-device mixed reality (XR) intervention at a New Zealand marine education centre indicates XR can enhance understanding of complex marine conservation science.
Sustainability and environmental educationTeaching and facilitation outdoorsWater and aquatic education
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateJournal for Research in Arts and Sports Education6 January 2022International
A Norwegian primary school's outdoor swimming and water safety week was marked by strong principal support, staff teamwork, experiential learning, challenge by choice and risk awareness.
Water and aquatic educationLeadershipCurriculum and assessment
Peer-reviewed research2017–2026 updateAustralian Journal of Environmental EducationNovember 2017International
A partnership between a reef tourism operator, schools, a university and Indigenous rangers took learners to the outer Great Barrier Reef to connect with Sea Country.
Sustainability and environmental educationWater and aquatic educationInternational and cultural perspectives
Peer-reviewed research2017 Otago review (McNatty & Boyes)Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning 16(2), 131-1452016International
The study analyses sea kayaking incidents in Norway, focusing on wind conditions, to draw implications for preventing future incidents.
Risk and safetyWater and aquatic education
Peer-reviewed research2017 Otago review (McNatty & Boyes)Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership 7(2), 140-1572015International
The authors analyse safety cultures in small boat fishing, sea kayaking and kite surfing and argue for a broad managerial approach at many levels.
Risk and safetyWater and aquatic educationInternational and cultural perspectives
Peer-reviewed research2017 Otago review (McNatty & Boyes)Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning 15(1), 40-522015
Youth on a ten-day New Zealand sail training voyage gained resilience that lasted after the voyage.
Wellbeing and mental healthWater and aquatic education
Peer-reviewed research2017 Otago review (McNatty & Boyes)Journal of Outdoor Recreation, Education, and Leadership 6(1), 20-322014International
The article examines progressions in experiential learning and how more proficient kayakers guide learners.
Teaching and facilitation outdoorsWater and aquatic education